What is IVF?
In vitro fertilization (IVF) directly translates to “the fertilization of eggs with sperm in glass.” In other words, “fertilization outside of the body in the laboratory.”
In a typical reproductive cycle, a woman produces a single egg. However, many women have the ability to produce extra eggs in response to fertility medications. In an IVF cycle, we use approximately 7-10 days of hormone injections to stimulate the growth of 10-15 follicles (each containing a single egg).
During a brief office-based procedure the eggs are retrieved and then fertilized in our laboratory. After the fertilized eggs reach the blastocyst stage of development they are biopsied (if Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) has been selected) and then cryopreserved for future use in a Frozen Embryo Transfer cycle.
*Our practice requires patients have a BMI less than 43 in order to undergo IVF treatment.
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IVF treats many types of infertility
IVF is a very successful treatment and is used to treat a wide variety of reproductive issues including blocked fallopian tubes, endometriosis, male factor, age related infertility, and unexplained infertility.
The decision to pursue IVF is one you will make with your physician. Your doctor will work with you to design the optimal IVF treatment. All of your questions and concerns are fully addressed in your consultation.
High pregnancy rates with fewer complications
The goal of all IVF programs is to have a high clinical pregnancy rate and a low multiple pregnancy rate. Dominion Fertility achieves these goals.
We achieve our success by transferring a single genetically normal embryo achieving a high clinical embryo implantation rate.
Our IVF multiple pregnancy rate (twins) is 1% – five times lower than the national average. Fewer multiple pregnancies lead to fewer complications and healthier babies.
Procedures done in-office by doctors you know and trust
Egg collections and embryo transfers are performed in our office by doctors who know you and your individual circumstances. We strive to provide a welcoming environment where you won’t feel rushed.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) FAQ
Yes, your doctor will let you know the guidelines while undergoing IVF. Restrictions include:
- No drinking
- No smoking
- No herbal supplements
We encourage exercise, but competitive athletes may need to modify their training.
Certain medications may not be safe to take (please let your doctor know if you’re taking any prescription or over-the-counter medication). We want you to avoid NSAIDS like Motrin and Alleve.
Candidates for IVF may experience:
- Low sperm count
- Issues with the uterus or the fallopian tubes
- Issues with ovulation
- Endometriosis
- Unexplained Infertility
The decision to undergo IVF should be made after a complete exam and consultation with a doctor.
The total cost varies depending on insurance coverage and treatment plan. In the US, the average cost of one IVF cycle is $15,000-20,000 - 15,000.
At Dominion Fertility, we want to ease the financial burden of IVF. In addition to offering competitive rates, we partner with many leading insurance companies and financing providers.
Moreover, we also offer an IVF Guarantee program for eligible patients. To learn more, please click here.
Before the egg retrieval procedure, you will be given a mild anesthetic. The procedure itself is minimally invasive and a majority of patients don’t feel anything. Following the procedure, you may experience slight cramping or pelvic pain. However, this should subside in 1-2 days.
In terms of impact to egg supply, an IVF cycle can be comparable to a menstrual cycle. By the time a young woman reaches puberty, she has around 300,000 – 400,000 eggs. However, during her lifetime, only a small fraction of these eggs (~400) will have the opportunity to be ovulated. Only about 400 of these eggs are ovulated in her lifetime. Every menstrual cycle, a group of eggs within the ovaries begins to mature and develop, ultimately one egg takes the lead and is selected to be ovulated, signaling the rest to stop growing. The rest of the eggs are reabsorbed into the body and unable to be ovulated again.
During an IVF cycle, the administration of hormone medications promotes the growth of all eggs equally, disabling the dominant egg selection process. This enables all eggs to be retrieved during the IVF cycle, including those that would have been reabsorbed during a normal menstrual cycle. Thus, the IVF cycle makes use of eggs that would have otherwise been lost, and there is no need to worry about any significant depletion of your egg count from IVF.
The medications used in in vitro fertilization (IVF) are not typically painful to administer. Some patients may experience mild discomfort or side effects when taking the medication.
The most common medications used in IVF are gonadotropins, which are hormones that stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. These medications are typically self-administered by injection, and some may experience mild discomfort or pain at the injection site. Some also experience side effects such as bloating, cramping, or mood changes while taking the medication.
Another medication that may be used in IVF is progesterone, which is given to help prepare the lining of the uterus for implantation of the fertilized eggs. Progesterone can be administered vaginally or through intramuscular injection, but it is not associated with significant pain or discomfort. It is important to note that every person's experience with IVF medication is different and some may experience no side effects while others may have more severe side effects.
Fertility hormones, such as those used in in vitro fertilization (IVF) or other fertility treatments, can have potential short-term and long-term risks. Short-term risks associated with fertility hormones include:
- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS): This is a condition that can occur as a side effect of the medication used to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs.
Symptoms can range from mild to severe and can include abdominal pain, bloating, and fluid accumulation in the abdomen or lungs.
Headaches Nausea Mood Hot flashes Long-term risks associated with fertility hormones include a possible slightly higher risk of developing ovarian cancer and breast cancer, however, the risk for either is considered to be very low.
The majority of women who take fertility hormones do not experience any negative long-term effects. It's important to talk with your reproductive physician about the potential risks and benefits of fertility hormones, and weigh the options before making a decision.
IVF is typically a safe and effective way for couples to have a baby, but, as with any medical procedure, there are risks and potential complications. Some risks associated with IVF include:
- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS): This condition can occur as a side effect of the medication used to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and can include abdominal pain, bloating, and fluid accumulation in the abdomen or lungs. It is a rare complication at Dominion Fertility because we do not do fresh embryo transfers. Embryos are cryopreserved and transferred the month after a stimulation cycle, so there is a better chance of successful implantation and decreased chance of OHSS.
- Ectopic pregnancy: This is a rare but serious complication that occurs when the embryo implants outside of the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube.
- Multiple pregnancies: Because IVF often involves transferring multiple embryos to increase the chances of pregnancy, there is a higher risk of having twins, triplets, or more.
- Miscarriage: IVF pregnancies are at a higher risk of miscarriage than naturally conceived pregnancies. IVF has a high success rate, and many babies conceived through IVF are born healthy.
There is no evidence that IVF babies have a higher risk of birth defects or other health problems than babies conceived naturally. It's important to note that, with any medical procedure, the risks can be minimized with the help of a team of experienced reproductive physicians.